HYPERMETROPIA

Hypermetropia, commonly called far-sightedness, is the opposite from myopia. In this condition, rays of light are brought to a focus back of the retina. There are usually blurred vision, headache, and nervous fatigue in attendance upon this form of eye strain, and always the difficulty in accommodating at the near point.

The so-called far-sighted eye is not, in actual fact, better able to see at a distance than the normal eye. It is simply unable to see the things that are close to it.

It is obvious that the person troubled with hypermetropia is unlikely to become the recluse “who always has his nose in a book.” Reading over a period of time causes giddiness, clouding of the vision and often an inflammation of the eyelids. So this victim of eye-strain becomes the person of action.

PRESBYOPIA

The popular name for the eye condition presbyopia is middle-age sight and it is caused by flabby muscles which have lost their powers of accommodation. It has generally been supposed that presbyopia is one of the inescapable handicaps of increasing age and that nothing can be done about it.

Both presbyopia and hypermetropia have points of resemblance, the chief being that, in both cases, there is a strain to see at the near point. The person suffering from presbyopia can demonstrate for himself the effect of strain on his vision. If you find that you are suffering from discomfort after reading, try placing your palms over your eyes for a few moments, and you will discover when you start reading again, that you are able to read, with clearer vision. This improvement may be only of a few minutes’ duration, but it will be evidence of the fact of strain.

Perhaps, from a personality standpoint, it might be said that no one gains so much by visual re-education as the victim of presbyopia. As this type of eyestrain ordinarily appears with middle age-though the list of exceptions is long, ranging from presbyopic eyes in the very young to normal vision at ninety-it is accompanied by the beginning of mental rigidity, of fixed habits of thinking and acting, of indications that a person has “become fixed in his groove.”

ASTIGMATISM

In astigmatism, there is no exact focus because of an unequal pull of the muscles, which causes the eyeball and cornea to be unsymmetrical instead of a perfect sphere. Anyone can bring about a condition of temporary astigmatism voluntarily by staring so long and hard at an object that the sight becomes blurred and the image takes on strange shapes.

Psychologically, there is usually an emotional condition accompanying astigmatism that may lead to an impairment of the health or to nervous upsets. The person with the eye condition of astigmatism not only has difficulty in seeing distinctly but the object at which he is looking may take on strange shapes and forms. Of no case is it so true that “seeing is deceiving,” for the astigmatic eye is the victim of odd illusions. He may see the object at which he is looking in multiple form; he may see one part of it and not the rest. It is small wonder, then, that he frequently tends to be a somewhat confused individual, as he is constantly registering distorted images upon his mind which struggles to identify and interpret these false pictures.

Sometimes these eye conditions can be helped with relaxation eye exercises.

Is it really true that when a person has a pair of dark eye circles, it means that he or she is stressed out, tired and lack of sleep? Yes, partially. You can tell that a person lacks sleep or is very tired if he or she starts to develop some dark circles around the eyes. Well, many people have this type of circumstance. What they need to worry if a person has only one eye that has a dark spot. Seriously, there are many reasons why one has this kind of embarrassing appearance but the fact of the matter is, there is only one natural and safe way on how to get rid of dark circle under eyes. You might want to rely on a doctor’s prescription if ever there is one but if you believe that the natural way is the best and safe way, then, go for a natural treatment.

But then again, with so many products that are natural, safe and sort of DIY method, you will get dazed and confused in trying to choose which one is the best product to remove dark circles under eyes. The best way for you to do is not to buy first but to get to read a lot of product or user reviews and some of these reviews that you find on the Net are based on real testimonies from real people who have also been suffering from the embarrassment and humiliation of having “panda eyes” or dark circles on the eyes.

But here is one good rule of the thumb that you need to know and to be aware always, in case you have found an “under eye cream dark circles” product. You have to take plenty of rest and there is no excuse for it. You have to eat the right kinds of foods, balance them in such a way that it can give you a very active and vibrant lifestyle. Get on with an active lifestyle a lot and drink lots of water and decrease acidic and fatty food intake and go more for alkaline foods. If you don’t, then, that cream of yours is worthless.

CENTRAL FIXATION

The retina is a sensitive film on which the picture falls. But there is one point on the retina where the vision is perfect; that is the Macula Lutae, a point only one-sixteenth of an inch in diameter in the very center of the retina. When we focus at this point we have what is known as central fixation and our vision is perfect.

If you have lost the capacity of central fixation you are seeing with Eccentric fixation which often causes headaches, fatigue, pain or discomfort of some kind, such as twitching of the eyelids or the eyeballs. This twitching, by the way, can be stopped by pressing the sides of the base of the nose as high as the inner canthus with the forefingers of both hands, avoiding any pressure on the eyeballs. 
Continue the pressure for several minutes, with the eyes closed, and you will obtain relief.

One way of checking on whether you are seeing by central or eccentric fixation is to look at a word on this page. Do you see it most sharply where you are looking or do you see it better when you look a little away from it? When you look at the top of a printed letter do you see the bottom of the letter more clearly than the top? If so, you have lost central fixation.

If you are to see, you must bring your mind to bear on what you see. Because the eye can focus sharply and is at its maximum power only on a very small area at a time, an attempt to see a larger area results in a blurring of physical vision and a lack of mental focus. Teach yourself to look at what you see, to watch one tiny area at a time. For when the central fixation is perfect, the eye sees perfectly.

THINK ABOUT WHAT YOU SEE

For significant eye sight improvement, give the object you are looking at your mental as well as your visual attention. The more clearly it registers on your mind, the more clearly it will register on the eye.

Test this out for yourself. In the room where you are sitting there are probably a dozen objects which you no longer “see” because you are so accustomed to their presence that you are no longer aware of them. Look at each one in turn, not staring, but with quick, easy glances, thinking about what you are regarding. That doorknob-could you have described it before? Now you know its approximate size, contour, the material of which it is made, its relative position on the door, because your mind and not alone your eyes observed it.

Even such a familiar phenomenon as a moving picture gives us what we believe we see rather than what we actually see. A series of still pictures provides us with an illusion of movement.

SEE A SMALL AREA AT A TIME

Instead of staring, trying to take in a whole picture at one time and thus defeating the object of central fixation, look at one small part of the picture, shift your gaze to another small part, and another, blinking naturally all the time. The smaller the area, the more clearly you will see it.

People who have acquired bad seeing habits always try to increase their area of vision by staring, which defeats its own purpose. Staring not only causes muscular tension but a lowering of vision. You can test this for yourself by staring fixedly at an object or a word on this page. After a few moments of this effort the letters lose their sharp clarity and become blurred.

Eyesight improvement can be achieved with consistent time, effort and proper eye health care!

It is important to take care of your eyes while reading, and one of the most important of all eye care tips is proper lighting.

LIGHTING

Consider your lighting to avoid Eye problems in children. While proper, scientific lighting is available today for everyone, an overwhelming number of people regard their lighting fixtures from the viewpoint of their decorative value rather than of their value to the eyes. There is no reason why a light cannot be both decorative and useful, but it is not common sense to select it primarily for its decorative value.

The lighting companies frequently offer free services in analyzing your proper lighting needs and there are many free pamphlets which provide the same service. Good light is essential to eye health, and bad light affects the eyes as surely as bad air affects the lungs.

In planning lamps to meet your reading needs there are three essentials to keep in mind:

1. There must be enough light.
2. There must be no glare.
3. There must be good general illumination in the room. That is, the room should be about as bright as the page you are reading. So don’t use a reading lamp and turn on no other lights.

Research has just begun to make clear to us the vital effect of lighting on eye vision and on the general health. Matthew Luckiesh, in Light, Vision and Seeing, pointed out the far-reaching effects of proper lighting in offices and factories:

“Among the tangible and intangible benefits,” he writes, “arising from high see-levels and good seeing conditions in general are:

1. Increased rate of performance of useful work done which results in decreased costs.
2. Increased accuracy which results in better work and less waste of materials, thereby decreasing costs.
3. Increased ease of seeing which results in the conservation of human resources, such as eyesight, energy and time, through the reduction in eyestrain, nervous tension, eye-fatigue, general fatigue, annoyance and mental fatigue.
4. Increased safety through quick, certain and easy seeing which reduces the enormous material and human losses due to preventable accidents.
5. Increased morale resulting directly or indirectly from the foregoing and from other psychological factors such as cheerful surroundings which are an inevitable result of good seeing conditions.” Reading under a pool of light in an otherwise darkened room seems to be a widespread practice with attendant strain.

This is one of the least known eye care tips. Not only should the room itself be adequately lighted but, for eye ease and for maximum light, it is a great help if the walls themselves are light in color. Dark colors absorb light while light colors reflect it. The darker your walls, draperies, and the upholstery of your furniture the more light you are losing.

As glare causes eyestrain, always sit so that the light comes over your left shoulder and falls directly on the printed page. Never read facing a light.

When reading by artificial light, a tall table lamp with a 150-watt bulb is recommended. Place the lamp on the table to the left of your chair. In order to avoid reflected glare on the printed page, try this simple test: Place a small pocket mirror in the center of the page. If the light bulb is reflected in the mirror, move the lamp until there is no place on the printed page where your eyes can see the light in the mirror.

People who have a pet chair in which they like to read overlook the fact that there may be no adequate light near the page. People start to read by bright daylight, become engrossed, and do not notice that as twilight falls, the light grows dimmer and dimmer, until they are straining to make out the words on the printed page.

The problems of lighting and posture are important for the healthy eye as well as for the eye that suffers from some defect. In the case of the latter, their neglect is little short of criminal abuse. Take heed of the above eye care tips, and many benefits will result.

Most people wil visit the physician for a physical examination, and some people even think to go to the dentist every once in a while. But too few families make the best of the professional eye care services that are so essential for good health. Here are some things you should expect during the eye examination, as well as the optical care services that you’ll would like to make the best of on a regular basis.

Among the reasons why professional eye care is so crucial is that almost 75% of all the sensory data that you receive from your brain comes through your eyes. An yearly exam will help your eye doctor to discover any potential eye problems, so if you're at risk for cataracts or glaucoma, your physician can tell you which medications and natural eye exercises to adopt in order to maintain your vision.

Part of professional eye care is also being fitted for glasses or contact lenses. If you find that you need additional tools for improving your vision after taking an eye exam, you'll want to work with your eye doctor to find the frames and glasses designs that are best for you. You may only need to get glasses for reading or for driving at night, so if this is the case, you should make sure that you continue to take care of your eyes so that you will not have to wear glasses permanently. If you don’t want to wear glasses, your professional eye care exam may include getting a contact lens fitting. This is the procedure of having your eye surface measured in order to evaluate your vision and the fit of your new lenses. Then, you'll be able to try some lenses on at the   eye doctor's office.

After you’ve received a professional eye care exam, you should follow up with your eye doctor about one or two weeks after your exam if you’ve had to get glasses or contact lenses. This way, the eye doctor can see how well the lenses are working for you, and you’ll be able to ask about any discomfort you feel in your eyes.

While professional eye care is very important, you should make a point that you’re keeping your health in order as well if you want to keep your eyes in the best shape. For preventive natural eye care make sure that you’re eating foods that are rich in beta carotene in order to preserve your eye health, and eating plenty of fiber in order to remove toxins out of your body that can impair your vision is ideal. And, protecting you eyes with sunglasses when you know you're going to be outdoors for a while will help protect your eyes. Good luck!

Strabismus, or cross-eyes, is caused by an unequal pull on the muscles of the eyeball so that the two eyes are not directed toward the same point at the same time. This lack of fusion causes many distressing physical conditions, such as insomnia, intense fatigue, even nausea and gastric disturbances. It is usually accompanied by an intense sensation of sleepiness when one attempts to read.

The personality effects of this kind of tension appear particularly in children who are often ill-tempered and highly nervous.

In most cases of crossed eyes, the sufferer sees better with one eye than with the other. Because of the inability to fuse properly, the stronger eye becomes stronger, while the weaker eye grows weaker until it loses the sense of sight.

Babies frequently develop crossed eyes soon after birth, though it more commonly appears in the third or fourth year; the condition is sometimes acquired in later life as a result of mental or physical strain or a sudden, severe emotional shock or some serious illness.

The orthodox treatment for cross-eyes is glasses, often with prisms incorporated in them, or an operation. In operating, one muscle is cut and another is tied and they are left this way. No vision is built up in the center and the eye constantly struggles to get back to its crossed position where it built up a false center of vision on the retina. Naturally, the eye attempts to get back into the position where
it sees best. This constant struggle results in continual nerve strain which wreaks havoc with the patient’s nervous system.

The visual eye correction method is to build up the nerves in the center of vision and relax the tense muscle so that the eye will naturally come back to its right position.

In correcting cross-eyes in very young children, patch the good eye so that the child will be compelled to use the one that is crossed and thus stimulate its functional activity. At first this is apt to upset the child and the patch should be removed at the end of a few minutes (if he is only a baby or toddler); at the end of an hour if he is older. In time it should be left on all day.

With two Chinese chopsticks (or long knitting needles) and two pencils for our equipment we are going to do the X and V drills.

X AND V DRILLS

Hold a chopstick horizontally with thumb and forefinger of the left hand. The stick should be on a level with the eyes, the point toward the nose at right angles to a line connecting the two eyes, and the other tilted slightly upward. Cross the chopstick vertically with a pencil.

Slowly move the pencil back and forth, focusing the eye on the point of intersection. You should get the illusion of the stick forming an X with the point of crossing where chopstick and pencil touch.

Move the pencil to the top of the chopstick and you get the illusion of a V with the apex at the far end and the sides of the letter opening toward your face.

These drills are excellent to train eyes in correct fusion habits and give eye sight improvement. If the squint is pronounced, it will be difficult at first to get the illusions of the X and the V. Do not overdo the exercise and fatigue the eyes. At first your eye muscles may have a drawing sensation. Stop the exercises and alternate with a period of relaxation.

Blink often to avoid staring and to relieve tension.

After practicing the eye exercises for a few days you will begin to get the proper images. As the muscles start to limber up, you will experience great relief and comfort in your eyes. If you do these eye correction exercises in the morning, you will loosen up tense muscles and induce better fusion during the day.

Contact lens usually serve the same corrective purpose as conventional spectacle lenses, but are much smaller and almost invisible. Many contact lenses are tinted with a faint blue or green to make them more visible when immersed in cleaning and storage solutions. This tint is also known as “handling tint”. Cosmetic lenses are deliberately colored for altering the appearance of the eye.

Types of contact lenses
Corrective contact lenses – A corrective contact lens is a lens designed to improve vision by neutralizing the refractive defect of the eye. In many people, there is a mismatch between the refractive power of the eye lens and the length of the eye, leading to a refraction error. A contact lens neutralizes this error and re-focus images directly onto the retina instead of before or behind. Conditions correctable with contact lenses include near (or short) sightedness (myopia), far (or long) sightedness (hypermetropia), astigmatism and presbyopia.

Tinted contact lenses – Tinted contact lenses are designed to change the appearance of the eye. This type of contact lens is very popular among young people.

Therapeutic contact lenses - Soft lenses are often used in the treatment and management of non-refractive disorders of the eye. A bandage contact lens protects an injured or diseased cornea from the constant rubbing of blinking eyelids and in some cases eye lashes, thereby allowing it to heal. Contact lenses to deliver drugs to the eye have also been developed.

Complications
Complications due to contact lens wear affect effect a very small percentage of contact lens wearers. Excessive wear of contact lenses, particularly overnight wear, is associated with safety concerns. Hydrogen silicone lenses are the latest technology in lens material and are in many cases suitable for extended or even overnight wear.

Problems associated with contact lens wear may affect the eyelid, the conjunctiva, the various layers of the cornea, and even the tear film that covers the outer surface of the eye.

Do you have puffy eyes, perhaps, with matching dark circles under your eyes? Sometimes, for a man, having dark circles on the eyes or panda eyes is not something to worry but for a woman, they will start to feel inferior and ugly and the first thing that will come to her mind is go to her dermatologist and ask for an effective remedy. But before she can do that, she needs to be aware that maybe, the fault is not from the outside but from the inside, meaning, maybes she needs to learn how to handle stress, learn how to eat the right foods and go easy on drugs or medications. If she can combine all of these with the use of a natural dark eye circles treatment, she might attain the result that she wants with regards to eliminating dark circle under eyes for good.

So, what is the best recommended product to remove these panda eyes without affecting any part of your body especially your eyes? If there is such natural treatment for dark circles, can it be used by the patient on himself? On the Internet, there are lots of natural products like these that are on sale right now and the best thing is, they are considered as prescription-free, no-doctors-please, no-side-effects-please DIY treatment to remove dark circles under eyes. Try to go to the Internet right now and for a start, you can try to read some product reviews first before choosing from any of the available natural remedies to get rid of panda eyes.

But as always, it is always good to prevent things like these rather than to find a cure, right? Sometimes you will have difficulty even in learning how to get rid of dark circles under eyes or any other solutions for any kind of health predicament other than wasting a lot of time looking and buying for any kinds of remedies. So, in order to prevent this, there is only one advice for all of these things- adapt a well-balanced, healthy and active lifestyle, no more, no less.

In this article, let me compare PRK vs LASIK. What are the similiarities and the differences. After reading this, you will have to know how to determine the best procedure for you. The reading should be able to equip you with the right knowledge so that you can converse with the eye surgeon more intelligently.

Here are some similarities between PRK and LASIK: 1) Pain is not evident over the entire process 2) Both require eye medication for a few days after the surgery 3) Both need some weeks to months of recovery from the operation 4) Both can be used to tackle short-sightedness and astigmatism

In fact, both processes have essentially the identitial results in achieving the perfect vision. Many people have seen good vision with both procedures.

{However, The interesting thing is that} both have unique methodology, but the exact outcome.

Here are some differences: 1) Patients with certain corneal conditions or corneal scars have to go for PRK, LASIK is not recommended 2) PRK patients would usually have to wear a lens “bandage” 3) LASIK has an additional step which involves the generation of a flap 4) PRK does not need to create a flap, but accesses the cornea’s inner layers by taking out the thin outer layer of the cornea 5) PRK tends to have longer healing process than LASIK

While there are some major differences, both process are safe. To determine which approach is more suitable for yourself, you have to seek opinion of a reputable LASIK doctor who can examine your eyes to determine what is suitable for you. This article should equip you with some knowledge so that you are able to speak with an eye surgeon better.

Keep this in mind, it is your right to know and understand the procedures so that you can make a better choice as a consumer.

In conclusion, when we compare PRK and LASIK, they have their own strength and each of them are created for specific needs. That is a good thing as we can have a choice. So when you visit a LASIK surgeon, do ask him for a recommendation between PRK and LASIK

For more information about PRK vs LASIK, be sure to visit this website: Singapore LASIK

The purpose of cataract eye surgery is mainly to improve vision and quality of life of the patient.

Glasses And Bifocals Only A Temporary Measure For Cataract Eye Surgery

Most people who have cataract eye surgery are so grateful to have better sight afterwards that they clean forget that the condition can return with time again only for them to have more cataract eye surgery later in life again. If it is the patient’s choice of not opting for cataract eye surgery, the only other options for them are glasses or bifocals. However this does improve their vision at first, but the cataract will still continue to cover the lens more and more with time, rendering the glasses or bifocals as useless if they whole lens is covered.

The extracapsular and intracapsular surgery and the lens surgery are the types of cataract eye surgery.

Pre And Post Eye Surgery Care

The cause for cataracts is still unknown, but it has been proven that it does come with age, sickness, adverse effects to some medication, and if there has been an injury to the eye this could be reason enough too for cataracts to grow therefore inflicting blindness, blurry vision, partial or unusual vision such as extreme brightness or dimming of colours and halos around everything that is focused on. Having cataract eye surgery does not guarantee that the cataracts will not grow back again, as this is just a way to improve your current eyesight.

If you do have a cataract in your eye, it is best you have it removed surgically. The operation is done under local anaesthetic taking time about an hour. You will definitely not be able to see perfectly immediately after the cataract eye surgery and you will have to strictly follow the ophthalmologist’s instructions to use your cataract surgery eye drops as prescribed for your own benefit to keep the eye moist while recovering, and to lessen infection from setting in.

Though precautions has to be taken after the cataract eye surgery but it is important to go for regular checkups at your optometrist where they will perform various tests related to your eye. Over the counter pain killers are prescribed by the ophthalmologist for relief of pain. While it is not easy to try and not rub your eyes, they will also be relatively itchy and may also ooze some extra fluids after the surgery.